Warm the pot: Set a large, wide pot or deep skillet over medium heat. Add 1 tablespoon olive oil and 1 tablespoon butter (if using).
Sauté aromatics: Add chopped onion with a pinch of salt. Cook 3–4 minutes until soft and translucent.
Stir in minced garlic for 30 seconds, until fragrant.
Toast the tomato paste: Add 2 tablespoons tomato paste. Stir and cook 1–2 minutes. This step caramelizes the paste and boosts flavor.
Add tomatoes and seasoning: Pour in the crushed tomatoes, 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning, a pinch of red pepper flakes, and black pepper.
Stir to combine.
Add pasta and liquid: Stir in 12 ounces dried pasta and about 3 to 3 1/2 cups broth. The liquid should just cover the pasta. If not, add a bit of water.
Simmer gently: Bring to a steady simmer, then reduce heat to medium-low.
Cook uncovered, stirring every 1–2 minutes to prevent sticking. Adjust heat to maintain a gentle bubble.
Monitor doneness: After 8–10 minutes, taste the pasta. It should be close to al dente and the sauce should be thickening.
If it’s too tight, add a splash of broth or water. If it’s too loose, keep simmering.
Creamy finish: Stir in 1/2 cup heavy cream and 1–2 teaspoons balsamic vinegar (or a pinch of sugar). Simmer 1–2 minutes until the sauce turns rosy and glossy.
Cheese and herbs: Turn off heat.
Stir in 1/2 cup freshly grated Parmesan until melted and smooth. Fold in chopped basil or parsley. Taste and adjust salt, pepper, and acidity.
Serve: Plate hot with extra Parmesan, a drizzle of olive oil, and a little lemon zest if you like.
The sauce will continue to thicken as it sits.